臨床實驗是抗癌研究長期研發實驗的最後一個階段。找尋新的治療方法通常是在實驗室裡開始進行，研究員不斷測試和實驗新的對抗癌症的想法。如果找出有潛力的治療方式，首先要先進行動物實驗，觀察此新療法實際施行在生物體上是否確實有效，或是帶有未知副作用等問題。在實驗室與動物實驗都很有效並不能代表同樣的方法在人體身上能夠成功，因此要等臨床實驗結束，才能確定新的治療方法是安全有效的。
放射治疗即常说的放疗，根据其治疗方式及适应证可分为根治性放疗、姑息性 放疗和联合治疗，具体内容可参考百度百科及百度药典，在此不过多介绍。但需要 注意，放疗并不一定能完全治疗癌症，且在治疗过程中会出现诸多不良反应，如 乏力、恶心、厌食、皮肤痒肿、口咽疼痛、局部毛发脱落、神经损伤、心肺功能 异常（如干咳、气喘等）、胃肠功能紊乱（如恶心、呕吐、体重下降等）等。
如果篩檢為陽性，或者是出現許多前述症狀、久未改善，就需進一步診斷，癌症診斷方式包括三大類：
乙肝病毒、丙肝病毒和某些类型的人乳头瘤病毒可分别增加罹患肝癌和宫颈癌的危险。艾滋病毒感染会使患宫颈癌的风险增加六倍，并还会大幅增加患其他癌症，如卡波西肉瘤的风险。
In The us, cancer is involved like a protected situation because of the Equivalent Employment Possibility Commission (EEOC), mainly mainly because of the likely for cancer having discriminating outcomes on employees.[253] Discrimination within the place of work could arise if an employer retains a Wrong belief that a person with most cancers is just not capable of executing a task correctly, and could request For additional sick depart than other employees.
The most typical different types of most cancers vary, however the cancer burden looks no less than as high in pets as in humans. Animals, typically rodents, are frequently used in cancer study and scientific studies of normal cancers in much larger animals may perhaps 癌症 gain exploration into human most cancers.[272]
准确诊断癌症对采取适当有效的治疗措施必不可少，因为每种癌症类型都需要特定的治疗方案。治疗通常包括手术、放疗和/或全身性治疗（化疗、激素治疗、靶向生物治疗）。适当选择治疗方案既要考虑癌症又要考虑接受治疗的个体情况。在限定时间内完成治疗方案对于实现预期的治疗效果很重要。
This is based on the blamers' belief that the entire world is fundamentally just and so any dangerous health issues, like cancer, should be a variety of punishment for terrible alternatives, simply because in a just earth, bad matters would not happen to fantastic folks.[246]
腫瘤較小且尚未擴散/轉移（癌細胞可被定位、手術移除，不需借助循環全身的化學藥物治療）
大约三分之一的癌症死亡源自烟草使用、高体重指数、酒精消费、水果和蔬菜摄入量低以及缺乏身体活动。此外，空气污染是肺癌的一个重要危险因素。
The central position of DNA problems and epigenetic defects in DNA maintenance genes in carcinogenesis The classical view of most cancers is usually a list of health conditions pushed by progressive genetic abnormalities which include mutations in tumor-suppressor genes and oncogenes, and in chromosomal abnormalities. A job for epigenetic alterations was discovered during the early twenty first century.[103]
There exists an association concerning celiac ailment and an increased hazard of all cancers. Individuals with untreated celiac illness have the next chance, but this threat decreases with time after prognosis and strict cure. This may be due to adoption of the gluten-cost-free diet plan, which would seem to possess a protective purpose against the development of malignancy in individuals with celiac disease.
用醫學影像技術檢測癌症，也遭遇類似問題。這些醫學影像檢測技術都是成本相當高且耗費時間。由於偵測的靈敏度極高，常發現細胞病變（英语：incidentaloma），這樣的腫瘤也可以被認為惡性，而進行具有潛在危險性的治療方法。
作为加速消除宫颈癌全球战略的一部分，提供全球领导和技术援助，支持各国政府及其合作伙伴建立和维持高质量的宫颈癌控制规划；